Which regime should you actually choose?
Since the new regime became the default, the only question most salaried people need answered is which one costs less on their own numbers. There is no general answer — it depends entirely on how much you can genuinely claim.
The rough shape of it:
- The new regime has wider slabs, a ₹75,000 standard deduction and a rebate that makes income up to ₹12.75 lakh tax free for a salaried person. It allows almost no other deductions.
- The old regime has narrower slabs and a smaller ₹50,000 standard deduction, but lets you claim HRA, 80C, 80D, home loan interest and the rest.
So the old regime wins only if your deductions are large enough to outweigh the worse slabs. The calculator above tells you the exact figure at which that happens on your income — not a rule of thumb.
What each regime still allows
| Relief | New regime | Old regime | Cap |
| Standard deduction | Yes | Yes | ₹75,000 new / ₹50,000 old |
| Employer NPS — 80CCD(2) | Yes | Yes | 14% of salary |
| HRA exemption | No | Yes | Least of three |
| LTA | No | Yes | Actual travel |
| 80C | No | Yes | ₹1,50,000 |
| Your NPS — 80CCD(1B) | No | Yes | ₹50,000 |
| 80D health insurance | No | Yes | ₹25,000, ₹50,000 if 60+ |
| 80TTA / 80TTB interest | No | Yes | ₹10,000, ₹50,000 if 60+ |
| Home loan interest — 24(b) | No | Yes | ₹2,00,000 self-occupied |
| 80E education loan interest | No | Yes | No cap, 8 years |
| Professional tax | No | Yes | ₹2,500 |
80CCD(2) is the one people miss. Employer contribution to NPS survives in the new regime, which is why it sits outside the old-regime block in the calculator. If your employer offers it and you are on the new regime, it is one of very few deductions still open to you.
The slabs for FY 2026–27
| New regime | Rate | Old regime | Rate |
| Up to ₹4,00,000 | Nil | Up to ₹2,50,000 | Nil |
| ₹4,00,001 – ₹8,00,000 | 5% | ₹2,50,001 – ₹5,00,000 | 5% |
| ₹8,00,001 – ₹12,00,000 | 10% | ₹5,00,001 – ₹10,00,000 | 20% |
| ₹12,00,001 – ₹16,00,000 | 15% | Above ₹10,00,000 | 30% |
| ₹16,00,001 – ₹20,00,000 | 20% | Basic exemption rises to ₹3,00,000 at 60, and ₹5,00,000 at 80. |
| ₹20,00,001 – ₹24,00,000 | 25% | Section 87A rebate: up to ₹12,500 where taxable income is ₹5 lakh or less. |
| Above ₹24,00,000 | 30% | Health and education cess of 4% applies to both. |
Two things most calculators get wrong
The ₹12 lakh cliff is not a cliff
The 87A rebate of up to ₹60,000 applies where taxable income does not exceed ₹12 lakh. Read literally, earning one rupee more would cost you tens of thousands in tax.
It does not work that way. Marginal relief caps your tax at the amount by which your income exceeds ₹12 lakh. On a taxable income of ₹12.25 lakh the tax is ₹25,000 plus cess — the ₹25,000 of excess income — not the ₹63,750 the slabs alone would produce. The calculator applies this.
Surcharge has marginal relief too
Above ₹50 lakh a surcharge applies: 10% to ₹1 crore, 15% to ₹2 crore, 25% to ₹5 crore and 37% above — though the new regime caps it at 25%.
At each threshold, marginal relief again ensures the extra tax never exceeds the extra income. Most free calculators either ignore surcharge entirely or apply it without relief, and both produce a materially wrong number for higher earners. This one includes it.
A worked comparison
A salaried person on ₹12,00,000 with ₹1,50,000 of 80C:
- New regime: taxable ₹11,25,000, tax ₹52,500, fully wiped out by the 87A rebate. Tax: nil.
- Old regime: taxable ₹10,00,000, tax ₹1,12,500 plus cess. Tax: ₹1,17,000.
At this income the old regime would need roughly ₹7 lakh of total deductions before it caught up — which for most people means a large home loan on top of a full 80C, HRA and 80D.
Frequently asked questions
Is income up to ₹12 lakh really tax free?
Under the new regime, yes — and up to ₹12.75 lakh if you are salaried, because the ₹75,000 standard deduction brings taxable income down to ₹12 lakh, where the 87A rebate of up to ₹60,000 cancels the tax entirely.
What happens if I earn slightly more than ₹12 lakh?
Marginal relief applies. Your tax cannot exceed the amount by which your income crosses ₹12 lakh, so there is no cliff — the liability rises gradually rather than jumping.
Which deductions can I claim in the new regime?
Very few. The standard deduction of ₹75,000 and your employer’s NPS contribution under 80CCD(2) are the ones that matter for most salaried people. HRA, 80C, 80D and home loan interest are not available.
Can I switch between the old and new regime?
A salaried person without business income can choose afresh each year when filing. If you have business income the choice is far more restricted and switching back is generally once in a lifetime.
Does this calculator include surcharge?
Yes, including marginal relief at every threshold, and the new regime’s 25% cap. Income taxed at special rates — capital gains, for instance — is not covered.
Do senior citizens get different slabs?
Under the old regime, yes: the basic exemption rises to ₹3,00,000 at 60 and ₹5,00,000 at 80, and the 80D and 80TTB limits increase. The new regime has one set of slabs for all ages. Set your age in the calculator and it applies the right ones.
Doing this for a whole payroll
Calculating your own tax once a year is arithmetic. Doing it for every employee, every month, as declarations arrive and salaries change, is a system.
In HivePayroll employees submit their own investment declarations, the form filters what it offers by their regime, and the accepted figures flow straight into the monthly TDS deduction, the employee’s own tax sheet and the quarterly Form 24Q. See TDS and income tax management, or book a free demo.
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